1955-1957              House officer, Ministry of Health, Sudan

1957-1958               Medical Officer, Ministry of Health, Sudan

1958-1960               Research Assistant, Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine,

                              University of Khartoum

1960-1961               Honorary Registrar, Pathology Department, Postgraduate Medical

School, London

1961-1962               DCP Training Course, London

1962-1963               Lecturer in Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum

1963-1965              PhD Student, Pathology Department, University of Edinburgh

1965-1966               Senior Lecturer and Head, Department of Pathology, University of

                              Khartoum

1966-1969               Professor of Pathology, University of Khartoum

1969-1971               Dean, Faculty of Medicine and Deputy Vice-Chancellor, University of Khartoum

1971-1972               Founding Minister of Higher Education and Research, Sudan

1972-1977               Chairman Medical Research Council, National Council for Research,

                              Sudan

1977-1979               Chairman & Professor, Pathology Department. College of Medicine

                              and Medical Sciences, King Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi

                              Arabia

1979-1980              Professor of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Chairman, Medical

Research Council, Khartoum, Director of Tropical Diseases,

Institute, Khartoum

1980-1987               Professor of Pathology, College of Medicine and  Medical Sciences,

and Director of Research, Translations and Publications, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, King Faisal  University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia

1988-1993               Professor of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum

1993-2000              Founding Director, Institute of Endemic Diseases, University of

                              Khartoum.

Professor of Pathology, Ahfad School of Medicine, Ahfad University

for Women, Omdurman, Sudan.

                               Emeritus Professor of Pathology, University of Khartoum.